CI/CD and Safe Rollouts

CI/CD interviews are about reducing risk while maintaining speed.

Core elements

• automated tests
• build artifacts are immutable
• environments are reproducible (IaC)
• progressive delivery (canary/blue-green)

Deployment safety checklist

• health checks and readiness probes
• rollback plan
• feature flags for risky changes
• metrics-based rollout gates

Failure modes

• deploying without observability
• no rollback path
• manual steps that drift over time